Rubiks Cube - A History of the 1980s Puzzle

The Rubiks Cube is a cube-shaped puzzle that has nine, smaller squares on each side. When taken out of the box, each side of the cube has all the squares the same color. The goal of the puzzle is to return each side to a solid color after you have turned it a few times. Which seems simple enough—at first. After a few hours, most people who try the Rubiks Cube realize that they  are mesmerized by the puzzle and yet no closer to solving it. The toy, which was first created in 1974 but not released onto the world market until 1980, quickly became a fad  when it hit stores.   Who Created the Rubiks Cube? Ernà ¶ Rubik is the one to praise or to blame, depending on how mad the  Rubiks Cube has driven you. Born on July 13, 1944 in Budapest, Hungary, Rubik combined the divergent talents of his parents (his father was an engineer who designed gliders and his mother was an artist and a poetess) to become both a sculptor and an architect. Fascinated with the concept of space, Rubik spent his free time while working as a professor at the Academy of Applied Arts and Design in Budapest designing puzzles that would open his students minds to new ways of thinking about three-dimensional geometry. In the spring of 1974, just shy of his 30th birthday, Rubik envisioned a small cube, with each side constructed of moveable squares. By the fall of 1974, his friends had helped him create the first wooden model of his idea. At first, Rubik just enjoyed watching how the squares moved as he turned one section and then another. However, when he attempted to put the colors back again, he ran into difficulty. Oddly entranced by the challenge, Rubik spent a month turning the cube this way and that way until he finally realigned the colors. When he handed other people the cube and they too had the same fascinated reaction, he realized he might have a toy puzzle on his hands that could really be worth some money. The Rubiks Cube Debuts in Stores In 1975, Rubik made an arrangement with the Hungarian toy-manufacturer Politechnika, who would mass produce the cube. In 1977, the multi-colored cube first appeared in toy stores in Budapest as the Bà ¼và ¶s Kocka (the Magic Cube). Although the Magic Cube was a success in Hungary, getting Hungarys Communist leadership to agree to allow the Magic Cube out to the rest of the world was a bit of a challenge. By 1979, Hungary agreed to share the cube and Rubik signed with the Ideal Toy Corporation. As Ideal Toys prepared to market the Magic Cube to the West, they decided to rename the cube. After considering several names, they settled on calling the toy puzzle Rubiks Cube. The first Rubiks Cubes appeared in Western stores in 1980. A World Obsession Rubiks Cubes instantaneously became an international sensation. Everyone wanted one. It appealed to youngsters as well as adults. There was something  about the little cube that captured everyones full attention. The first produced Rubiks Cube had six sides,  each a different color (traditionally blue, green, orange, red, white, and yellow). Each side had nine squares, in a three by three grid pattern. Of the 54 squares on the cube, 48 of them could move (the centers on each side were stationary). Rubiks Cubes were simple, elegant, and surprisingly difficult to solve. By 1982, more than 100 million Rubiks Cubes had been sold and most had yet to be solved. Solving the Rubiks Cube While millions of people were stumped, frustrated, and yet still obsessed with their Rubiks Cubes, rumors began to circulate as to how to solve the puzzle. With more than 43 quintillion possible configurations (43,252,003,274,489,856,000 to be exact), hearing that the stationary pieces are the starting point for the solution or solve one side at a time just was not enough information for the layman to solve the Rubiks Cube. In response to the massive demands by the public for a solution, several dozen books were published in the early 1980s, each spouting easy ways to solve your Rubiks Cube. While some Rubiks Cube owners were so frustrated that they began smashing open their cubes for a peek inside (they hoped to discover some inner secret that would help them solve the puzzle), other Rubiks Cube owners were setting speed records. Starting in 1982, the first annual International Rubiks Championships were held in Budapest, where people competed to see who could solve the Rubiks Cube the fastest. Now helad all ove the world, these competitions are places for cubers to show off their speed cubing. In 2018, the current world record was set at 3.47 seconds, held by Yusheng Du of China. An Icon Whether a Rubiks Cube fan was a self-solver, speed-cuber, or a smasher, they had all become obsessed with the small, simple-looking puzzle. During the height of its popularity, Rubiks Cubes could be found everywhere—at school, on buses, in movie theaters, and even at work.  The design and colors of Rubiks Cubes also appeared on t-shirts, posters, and board games. In 1983, Rubiks Cube even had its own television show, called Rubik, the Amazing Cube. In this kids show, a talking, flying Rubiks Cube worked with the aid of three children to foil the evil plans of the shows villain. Mathematicians have tried to determine how many moves are needed to solve a completely jumbled up cube: in 2008, it was announced as 22, but the computations to get there took decades of processor time. In 2019, Chinese topologists reported a way to map the mechanism—results that may have implications in other multi-structure mechanisms from laser printing to deep space exploration aircraft. To date, more than 300 million Rubiks Cubes have been sold, making it one of the most popular toys of the 20th century. Sources and Further Information Palmer, Jason. Cracking the Last Mystery of the Rubiks Cube. New Scientist 199.2668 (2008): 40–43. Print.Spatial Logical Toy. USA Patent 4378116A, Ernà ¶ Rubik, held by Politechnika Ibara Szovetkezet. Expired September 11, 2019. Zeng, Daxing, et al. Analysis of Structural Composition and Representation of Topological Structures of Rubiks Cube Mechanism. Mechanism and Machine Theory 136 (2019): 86–104. Print.

How Should We Teach - 1190 Words

How Should We Teach? : A Comprehensive Outlook on Why We Should Teach Elementary Music Education According to Students’ Abilities and Backgrounds. In the book Elementary Music Education by Frances Wright, he lists the characteristics of a good music educator. There he lists how teachers should respect their students and their needs. Most of the list is comprised on how teachers should put the needs of their students first, and make them feel like they have a sense of accomplishment. I could not agree more with this philosophy. As we have learned throughout elementary music methods course, it is important to meet the needs of children and make them feel accomplished and proud of the music they make and create. The National Standards for†¦show more content†¦In this particular piece, she experiments with children who have experienced neglect or abuse at home. Here she states that, and I quote, â€Å"Music can evoke emotional responses in active listeners.† (Graham, pg.14). She finds that children who compose and listen to music are able to express complex emotions that they are normally unable to express. It is im portant that in our classrooms that we allow children to explore all musical ideas. Timbre, tempo, rhythms and harmonies are all used to help illicit emotion. We should teach our students to listen for these concepts in music, as well as write with them. Students will walk into your music classroom with many different living situations. We may not be able to fix them, or make the problems go away, but as educators, we can make sure that students can express themselves in a way that they can let both positive and negative emotions loose. The connection between physical activity and young children is a â€Å"no brainer†. Young children are very rambunctious and need to be constantly moving in order for them to pay attention. In a journal article by David Barney and Keven Prusak, music and physical education are compared. They found that when students listen to music during casual physical activity, they are more focused and energized. During my readings in this journal, I thought about how music teachers should incorporate

Individual Report on Econometric Models Free Essays

string(103) " income in China and the United States, leading to the influence of culture for income perception \(e\." Context This report pertains to the selection of an academic paper (Caporale et al., 2009) which is examined based on its aims and results, citing new insights offered by its analysis. It also involves another paper (Oshio et al. We will write a custom essay sample on Individual Report on Econometric Models or any similar topic only for you Order Now , 2011) that cited that of Caporale et al. (2009), explaining the kind of data being used for the analysis. The report also includes a description of the economic model adopted by the authors to analyse the issues, as well as a critical reflection of the issues that are likely to arise with the use of these specific econometric models. a.Summary of the selected paper The selected paper in this report is that of Caporale et al. (2009), which was centred on income and happiness across Western and Eastern Europe. The authors utilised data from the European Social Survey (ESS) for 19 European countries, whereby they examined the association between income and subjective well-being. The aim of their study was to find out whether income can buy happiness. Happiness and life satisfaction served as the dependent variables in the study, which were likewise contained in the ESS data. These variables were tested for whether social comparisons and reference groups wielded a relevant influence on the subjective well-being of individuals in the countries involved, which likewise served as the sample. The findings revealed that for all these countries – despite the positive correlation between income on one hand and happiness and life satisfaction on the other – a negative effect was being exerted by reference income on individual well-being, a result that harmonised with the relative utility hypothesis. A separate analysis was conducted by the authors for some countries in Eastern Europe in which they were able to discover some evidence that supported a so-called ‘tunnel effect’, which was suggestive of a positive impact caused by reference income on subjective well-being. The findings maintained that situations characterising stable income and employment have income serving as the basis for social comparisons. In social comparisons, the authors posited that reference income served as the informant for future status expectations. Further, empirical findings revealed a tendency for males to report lower satisfaction than their female counterparts. The authors also cited that the literature holds robust pattern that mirrors the life-cycle areas of people’s social, economic, and family situations. The findings also suggested that happiness perception was positively related to being married, whilst a negative relationship was suggested for divorce. Moreover, the presence of children had a negative effect on happiness perception whilst good health fostered a significant positive association. There was shaky evidence on the likelihood of university qualifications to cause a negative impact on happiness. In addition, a positive effect was indicated by previous employment occurrence on the perception of happiness, which was more deep-seated for more recent unemployment occurrence. The distress accompanying a recent unemployment occurrence may diminish the aspiration value of the presently employed individua l. As the study’s sample was dominated by countries with liberal social welfarism, the influence of the welfare systems on individual’s happiness may also be indicated by the positive impact of unemployment on life satisfaction during the time of joblessness. The new insights offered by the analysis include an apparent wedge between countries in Western Europe and Eastern Europe, which clearly showed that the pursuit of life satisfaction has become embodied in countries’ political framework, serving as a source of valuable insights in policy development concerning welfare reforms. b. A paper citing the selected paper A paper that cites the selected paper here is that of Oshio et al. (2011) whose aim was to examine the effects of relative income on well-being in China, Japan, and Korea based on nationwide surveys in these countries and comparing them with that of the United States. The various factors for which control was undertaken at the individual level were age, gender, and marital status, to name a few. The results were parallel to past researches the same topic involving Western countries. The study exhibited a significant relationship between a person’s income and that of the reference group on one hand, and perceived life satisfaction on the other. In China, individual income showed stronger relationships between relative income and life satisfaction compared to family income, whilst the opposite was demonstrated for Japan and Korea. The comparisons of income within the reference group were necessary for evaluating life satisfaction, particularly when family income was used. Additi onally, Yitzhaki index was used to determine the relative deficiency within the reference group, which was found to have a negative relationship with life satisfaction. Oshio et al. (2011) used Caporale et al. (2009) as a cited paper in their study in that the former utilised it in its claim that apart from the absolute income levels, the happiness of a person is reliant to comparisons with those of others, particularly those with similar socio-economic distinctiveness. Oshio and colleagues also used Caporale and colleagues’ findings on relative income proposition, whereby both found a positive effect fostered by absolute income on both happiness and life satisfaction. Further, both Caporale et al. (2009) and Oshio et al. (2011) used regression analysis to analyse the findings on income and perceived happiness. The apparent difference that could be cited in their studies was the nature of the countries on which their studies were emphasised – Western and Eastern European countries for Caporale et al. (2009), and Asian countries and the United States for Oshio et al. (2011). The former was also more extensive as it used 19 countries f or a generalisation of income-happiness hypothesis, whilst the latter involved only four. The comparison in Caporale and colleagues’ study was between Western European and Eastern European countries, whilst that of Oshio and colleagues was between three Asian countries and the United States. If the cross-country findings in Caporale and colleagues demonstrated a political agenda (i.e. social welfarism), those of Oshio and colleagues were focused on the level of the individual, such as people’s precautious outlook on individual income than family income in China and the United States, leading to the influence of culture for income perception (e. You read "Individual Report on Econometric Models" in category "Essay examples"g. individual-orientedness vs. family-orientedness).Whilst Caporale et al. (2009) asserted a positive relationship between income and happiness, Oshio et al. (2011) declared stronger correlations between individual income (rather than family income) a nd life satisfaction in China, which was not true in Japan and Korea. c.Data used, structure of the data set, and manner of data collection The ESS data in Caporale and colleagues’ (2009) study contained information about a set of demographic and employment characteristics, which the authors utilised as controls in their regressions. Some of these controls were education, income, and position in the labour force, to name a few. The data set also involved information on previous unemployment encounter, which was used in assessing whether a person’s perception of present economic situation was influenced by previous income shocks, commonly due to unemployment. The structure of the data set included all individuals possessing similar levels of education, age brackets, and current countries of residence. The sample was also limited to employees earning full-time salaries. Alternatively, in Oshio and colleagues’ (2011) study, the data were collected from the countries’ (Japan, China, Korea) General Social Survey (GSS), from which data were downloaded. The GSS of these countries were originally gathered by a research office at the University of Chicago. The basis of their empirical analysis was the GSS of these countries which were recorded in 2006, with widely similar survey questionnaires. The results were compared with those of the United States. All income data were converted into logarithms to enable comparing the results across models and countries. In addition, the authors used sampling weights from GSS and made a computation of standard errors to provide correction for any possibility of heteroscedasticity. It may be inferred that even though both studies aimed at determining happiness and life satisfaction vis-a-vis income, their methodologies and approaches were however different but were appropriate to the nature of their hypoth eses. d. Econometric models used by the authors In this section, the econometric models used by the authors are described to analyse the issue. Caporale et al. (2009) used ordered probit model, which they deemed appropriate for their study, given the ordinal nature of the happiness variables. This model enabled a close correlation between happiness and life satisfaction, in which the authors were able to indicate a high level of happiness or satisfaction amongst the research participants. A clear skewness towards the high end was exhibited by the distribution on happiness. Some variations began emerging with the investigation of the level of happiness across the countries involved, with Denmark achieving the highest score, and Portugal, amongst others, recording the lowest scores. Reference income was used as an explanatory variable in the regressions. The estimated coefficients also showed a general consistency with those of previous studies. On the other hand, Oshio et al. (2011) used the ordered logit model to explain perceived happiness across the three countries involved in their study. The model contained an assumption of care amongst individuals in relation to their individual (or family) income when making a comparison of their income with those of others. Family income was included in both specifications, with an assumption that it represents material living standards. It was expected that the coefficient ? was significantly positive in each specification, given the relative income hypothesis. e. Critical reflection of the issues relating to the econometric models The econometric models used in each of the study of Caporale et al. (2009) and Oshio et al. (2011) were appropriately justified and carried out to suit the aim and expected results of each. The use of the ordered probit model in Caporale and colleagues’ study was suitable as this model was able to deal with the variables in ordered categories, which were present in the dataset. According to Jones (2007) and Gailmard (2014), ordered probit model is utilised in the modelling of a discrete dependent variable with ordered multinomial results. Similarly, Caporale and colleagues also noted fixing some of the threshold values, which Jones also pointed out as a characteristic of the model. The study was able to generate the specific results with the utilisation of this model, which is likewise used in a range of the social and behavioural sciences, as emphasised by Aldrich et al. (2007) and Gill (2008). Using other econometric model for the study of Caporale et al. (2009) might not ge nerate similar results, since the study involved an analysis of more than two outcomes of an ordinal dependent variable (i.e. happiness and life satisfaction). In the same manner, Oshio and colleagues’ (2011) use of the ordered logit model was suitable as the study involved a survey that aimed to find out how well responses to questions can predict a response to one question, to which the model was appropriate. In the study, the model was used for dichotomous dependent variables (happiness and life satisfaction), in which more than two response categories were enabled.Apparently, the study adopted proportional odds assumption, to which the model was applicable, as Sadler (2008) and Allegrezza and Dubrocard (2012) also pointed out. Moreover, the model clearly pursued an estimate for multiple equations in the study, whereby the number of these equations were tantamount to the number of categories minus 1. The study also showed that each equation modelled the odds of being in a category, which is consistent with the ordered logit model (Sadler, 2008; Allegrezza and Dubrocard, 2012). It is important to note that the use of the aforementioned models for the two studies was consistent with their intention to quantify or measure variables in order to come up with objective and systematic results for the relationship between income and happiness. Both studies opted to use data from established data sets (ESS and GSS) to apparently facilitate generalisation of findings, with which they were successful. It may be pointed out that Oshio and colleagues’ (2011) results were congruent with Caporale and colleagues’ (2009), reflecting the validity of the latter’s findings. References Aldrich, J. H.m Alt, J. E., and Lupia, A. (2007) Positive Changes in Political Science: The Legacy of Richard D. McKelvey’s Most Influential Writings. Michigan: University of Michigan. Allegrezza and Dubrocard (2012) Internet Econometrics. Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan. Caporale, G. M., Georgellis, Y., Tsitsianis, N., Yin, Y. P. (2009) Income and happiness across Europe: Do reference values matterJournal of Economic Psychology, 30(1), 42-51. Gailmard, S. (2014) Statistical Modeling and Inference for Social Science. NY: Cambridge University Press. Gill (2008) Bayesian Methods: A Social and Behavioral Sciences Approach, Second Edition. NW: Chapman Hall/CRC. Jones, A. (2007) Applied Econometrics for Health Economists: A Practical Guide. Second Edition. Oxon: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd. Oshio, T., Nozak, K., and Kobayashi, M. (2011) Relative income and happiness in Asia: Evidence from nationwide surveys in China, Japan, and Korea. Social Indicators Research, 104 (3), 351-367. Sadler, A. M. (2008) Determinants of Entrepreneurial Behavior among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant University Scientists in the US: The Impact of Cultural Predispositions and Learning. MI: ProQuest LLC. How to cite Individual Report on Econometric Models, Essay examples

Financial Crises Theory and Practice

Question: Discuss about the Financial Crises for Theory and Practice. Answer: Introduction: Financial market is a market where the people are involved in doing business of financial securities, goods including the fungible commodities at low transaction cost and at a cost which reflects the supply and demand. In economics, we can say that market is the aggregate of all the possible buyers and sellers of a particular commodity or services and as well as the place where the transaction takes place. It is also referred to as exchange including stock exchange or commodity exchange in between two or more organizations or companies. Since financial markets are associated in making money better to raise finance (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2013). Diagram depicting the understanding of the financial market: Source: (created by author) As per the question the financial market is broadly classified into five different categories: Capital market Money market Currency market Commodities market Derivatives market Capital market: Capital market include the stock markets which helps in providing finance through shares or common stocks thereby carrying out the subsequent trading. It raises capital on a long term basis basically over a year. Under the capital market comes the primary and the secondary market which can be categorized into two sub groups: Bond market which provides finance by accumulating debt through the issuance and trading of bonds .Stock market provides finance by sharing the ownership of a company by bond issuing and trading. The two basic instruments are the debt and equity (Claessens and Kose 2013). The issuers are the listed companies and the stock exchange and the intermediaries are the brokers involved in the trading. Primary market: Issues which are newly formed such as initial public offerings and are bought and sold , here the bonds are created and traded for the first time without any intermediary and are therefore called 'new issue market'. The company make direct interaction with the willing investors in the primary market. Secondary market: In the secondary market, the investors deals with the securities that have already been issued by the company and is listed in the stock exchange. Here in this case the investors purchase previously issued securities like bonds, stocks, any future options from other investors rather than issuing it from the company itself .Consequently these markets are termed as 'aftermarket'. Money market: Money market which comes under the category providing short term debt financing and investments. It enables the economic units in managing their liquidity positions by lending and borrowing of short term loans under one year. The various instruments are treasury bills, commercial paper, certificates of deposits. The players in this market are financial institutions, commercial banks, governments. Commodity market: It manages the exchange or better trading in primary products which takes place in about fifty major commodity markets where the financial exchange increasingly outstrip the physical purchases which are to be delivered . Commodities may be categorized into two subgroups: Raw goods which are hard goods like gold , oil , rubber .Agricultural products which are soft goods including sugar, coffee ,wheat. 'The players on this market are issuers andstockholders. Derivatives markets: In derivative market, the value of the assets are derived using the index of prices. It assists in providing the finance by carrying out the trade in terms of financial instruments like future contracts or some options which helps to control the financial risk. The forward, options, swaps, future contracts are some of the derivative market instruments. The players are the speculators, hedger and arbitrators. Currency market which is better known as the foreign exchange market: It abets the foreign exchange trading. It is the largest, and the most liquid market in the market world with an average traded value of more than $5 trillion per day. It also includes all the different currencies round the world and any individual or country can take an active part in it. The exchange traded fund, swap, and future and forward are the instruments. The central bank is the most vital player followed by the importers and exporters. References: Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Claessens, S. and Kose, M.M.A., 2013.Financial crises explanations, types, and implications(No. 13-28). International Monetary Fund. Madura, J., 2014.Financial markets and institutions. Nelson Education.

How to Enable Instagram Shoppable Posts for WooCommerce

Youve most likely seen them while scrolling through dog, family, and travel pictures on Instagram. Its the business side of Instagram that allows eCommerce stores to sell products directly through the popular social platform. Were talking about Instagram shoppable posts.In this post, youll learn a little bit more about how these posts work, as well as how to set up Instagram shoppable posts and use them with WooCommerce. Then, little dots show up and ask you to click and view the product being showcased in the image.If you do so, you get to see product information and links to those items in the image.Lets say I really like the pair of shoes in that picture and would like to buy them for my girlfriend. In that case, Instagram shoppable posts let me see a full product page   then I can click through to purchase the item on the companys website.The idea is to capitalize on the fact that people like to browse through and purchase items on social media. If youre running an online store , the Instagram shoppable posts feature is not only free but possibly a great revenue source.Eligibility requirements for Instagram shoppable postsAs with many social networks, youll have to adhere to some rules. Shoppable posts are no different.To be eligible for the  Shopping on Instagram  feature, you need an  Instagram business account.  This requires approval, and certain countries are currently excluded.You must abide by the Instagram commerce policies and merchant agreement.You need to have a Facebook page.You need an Instagram Business page.You can only sell physical goods on Instagram.You must make a Facebook catalog and link it to Instagram.There are also plenty of other rules in the commerce policies and merchant agreement. For instance, I found out in a test run that Instagram doesnt allow shoppable posts if your Instagram page doesnt have much activity. Having said that, most businesses should have no problem configuring shoppable posts if you have a running sto re, Facebook page, and Instagram Business account.How to enable Instagram shoppable posts for WooCommerceWere assuming that your WooCommerce store is already configured and stocked with some physical items (you cant sell digital items through Instagram shoppable posts). If youd like assistance setting up WooCommerce, view our guide on it here. WooCommerce also has a setup wizard after you install it on WordPress.1. Make a Facebook page and launch a catalogFacebook is required in order to sell on Instagram, so you need to either generate a Facebook page or make sure your current one is ready to launch.Click here to create a Facebook page.Walk through the steps provided by Facebook. You have the option to completely skip your page setup, but we recommend filling in everything such as the profile picture, business description, and hours if you also run a physical store.  Your Facebook store appears a lot less reputable when its not completed.Once the page is ready, go to the Facebook Catalog Manager page.Click on the Create Catalog button.Well assume your business is eCommerce, but feel free to select a different type of business if youd like.Click the Next button.The next page reveals an option to upload your product info manually. But were more interested in linking a WooCommerce site. Click on the button that reads Connect E-Commerce Platform:Scroll down to click on the WooCommerce logo. Make sure you also have the right owner of the catalog selected.Click on the Finish Set-up button.2. Connect your WooCommerce accountThe Facebook Pixel Extension is a required upload into your WooCommerce account. This links the two accounts and makes product syncing possible.Click on the Download button to get your Facebook Pixel Extension. Select the Continue button when completed.Facebook provides a short tutorial on what to do next.Youre just uploading a plugin, so go to Plugins Add New in your WordPress dashboard. Then, upload and install the plugin you recently downlo aded from Facebook.3. Add products to your new catalogGo back to the Catalog Manager you started at before in the Facebook interface.Click on the catalog youd like to use.Add products manually by clicking on the button to the right.Alternatively, you could download and install the Facebook WooCommerce extension to add a larger collection of products.4. Get an approved Instagram Business profileOpen the Instagram mobile app. If you dont have an account, create one by completing the following steps:Click on the Sign Up button.Type in your email address or use your Facebook account to register.Once in Instagram, go to Settings Switch to Business Profile.After that, youre able to fill in business profile information like your address and phone number.Note: If you already have a personal Instagram account, feel free to convert that to a business account. Its the same process as the third step above go to Settings Switch to Business Account.5. Connect Facebook and InstagramThe Instagra m Business profile needs to be linked to your Facebook catalog. How do we go about doing this?Since the Facebook Catalog has already been created, go to that catalog.Select the Settings tab.Scroll down to locate the area that asks you to connect Instagram Business profiles. Click Manage Profiles.This is where a list of your connected Instagram accounts comes up. If your page is already on the list, try to link the two accounts. If not, log in to your Instagram Business page.In the event of the Instagram page not yet being a Business profile, youll see the following message. Make sure to walk through those steps.In the event that your account isnt eligible for Instagram shoppable posts, youll see an error and the reason for the problem. For instance, this first account I tried to link doesnt have enough activity on the page.If all goes well, Instagram should approve your request within the day.Then, youll receive a push notification that says You have been approved to tag products.6. Activate product tagging in InstagramAlthough Facebook and Instagram and WooCommerce are now all connected, you still need to let Instagram now that you want to tag products (or activate Instagram shoppable posts).After you get the approval push notification, click on it to go to your profile.Find the message on your page that looks like the screenshot below. Click on the Get Started button.This brings you to the Shopping section in Instagram. You can also navigate to this page yourself.Select the Products option and choose the catalog you would like to link. Click on the Done button once complete.How to tag your productsNow the fun part! Its time to tag your products in whatever images you plan on posting.Begin the process by creating a regular Instagram post like you normally would. If youve never done this before, click on the + button in the bottom middle of your screen.Find the picture you like in your library or take a photo right in your Instagram app.Once you have the photo , click Next, then choose a filter if youd like to add one. Click Next again.This page is where you decide on the Instagram shoppable posts. You can write a caption and tag some people, but right under that, youll see a new button listed as Tag Products. Click on that to reveal a list of items in your catalog. Choose the items that make the most sense for the image and make sure the tags are in the right locations on the image.After finding the product, choose a place on the image to tag. Click on that spot, then hit Done.You can drag to move the tag or even tap it to completely remove it from the image.Once the photo is posted, it will have the wonderful Instagram shoppable posts feature weve learned to love.Tip: You may have noticed that some of your favorite brands have Shop tabs with all of their listings organized into one section. This only appears after youve listed at least nine Instagram shoppable posts.Are you ready to start creating Instagram shoppable posts?The main par t of this tutorial that gets a little tricky is making a Facebook Business account and linking that catalog to your Instagram account. You may find that it ends up connecting to your personal account and not your business account, or maybe you have no experience with the confusing Facebook Ads interface.Whatever happens, walk through these steps one-by-one and Im sure youll eventually find just how easy it is to manage and share Instagram shoppable posts. 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Personal Essay essays

Personal Essay essays My life has been influenced by many people but the most influential person in my life has to be the rapper, Slug, In atmosphere. He has had a large influence on my thought and my views on this earth. His lyrics have changed my thinking and realization of what life is really about. Slug has many meaningful songs that have made me think a lot about what my life is really about. The song called Vampires taught me about letting things go and not getting hung up on stupid and non-meaningful things. It makes me thing twice Before worrying about irrelevant things in my life that has no large meaning to me and it also helped me find that im not the only person in this world that has problems and that there are other people in this world in the same position that I am, it make me feel comforted and not alone which helps a lot in my confidence. Also, Another song by Slug Called Saves The Day The quote, But Im alive so I should be content, Then tell why the hell my whole world is bent Makes me feel that I should be grateful for what I have and be content with what I am given. With this quote it made me stop and think before I complain about anything that I have and whatever I am given I should be happy with it and take it for granted. It made me also realize that no on e has a terrible life there all good its just some people are more fortunate which we should be happy for but also we should be happy with what god gives us to work with. Slug is a major influence on the thoughts of my life and he has changed me in ways most people couldnt even fathom of doing. Also, Slugs lyrics in many songs have to do with relationships and love, and the wrong and the right of them. In A song Fuck You Lucy He talks about a defective relationship between himself and an ex-girlfriend which shows me that not all relationships are going to be good. I Wanna say fuck you Lucy cause I still lov ...

Social Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Social Engineering - Essay Example The term â€Å"social engineering† was coined by Kevin Mitnick, a hacker who spent many years in federal prison for nefarious activities, then became a highly sought-after computer expert, writing books and other journals. (Mitnick, 2002, p. x). The basics of social engineering are simple – a criminal will use psychological and other low-tech techniques to get what he wants, and what he wants is to hack into the secure databases of these companies to steal trade secrets to give to competitors, or other valuable and confidential information. Some of these techniques include â€Å"dumpster diving† to get information about a company that he wants to exploit; impersonating colleagues, management or IT professionals on the telephone to get information that he needs, such as passwords and passcodes; befriending employees; and getting a job a the corporation to get all the information he needs. Social engineers are a huge threat to all corporations, because what they do seems so innocuous. They also are able to exploit very basic mistakes, such as the fact that employees do not always shred sensitive documents, and think nothing of throwing away calendars, employee handbooks, and corporate phone books, all of which are gold-mines to the social engineers who are looking for information to get their foot in the door of a large corporation. And they do a lot of damage. In one study, people using social engineering techniques were able to steal $1 billion of information in one day! One of the new scams involves live â€Å"support† personnel. (Claburn, 2010, p. 1). In this scam, an individual gets a pop-up or other advertisement stating that their computer has been infected with a virus, and that they need to purchase a certain program called Live PC Care to remedy this problem. If the individual is reluctant to buy this Live PC Care program, then they can click on a box to talk with live personnel. What this

Industrial Grinders' Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Industrial Grinders' - Case Study Example Problem Statement & Analysis of Key Issues/Root Causes Industrial Grinders’ initial problem is the introduction of plastic ring, a surrogate for the steel rings effective in certain machines by the French firm Henri Poulenc. The merchandise is used for the same purpose the steel ring does, which Industrial Grinders manufactures. In analyzing the key issues and root causes, the plastic ring was new to the market and sold at a lower price than the steel ring. The plastic ring is 4 times the wearing characteristics of the steel ring that fully devastate the demand for the steel ring. Lawrence Bridgeman, the overall manager of the German plant had done a research and found out that the problem stemmed from I.G.’s large capacity of steel rings in hand, and the considerable inventory of exceptional steel for their manufacture. In analyzing the key issues and root causes after a thorough survey by Bridgeman, the problem was that the special steel could not be sold even for scr ap and the total book value of these inventories exceeded $93,000 (Industrial Grinders & Machining, 2012). In analyzing the key issues and root causes, Industrial Grinders Company faced a competitive nature in the line of the product it was manufacturing. Competition had become fairly strong with the idea of Japan’s industries producing low-priced spare parts that successfully entered into the global business (Industrial Grinders & Machining, 2012). Many companies had also established themselves and were producing low-quality and low-priced machines that attracted many clients across the globe. Industrial Grinders lost many clients who decided to try the cheap merchandise that had low price. Tests conducted by Ericsson and Greiner showed a critical problem faced by Industrial Grinders. In analyzing the key issues and root causes, the problem was the plastic ring produced by the French plant that had 4 times the wearing properties of the steel ring. The challenge faced by Indu strial Grinders is that it would fully devastate the demand for the steel ring in the international market, hence reducing the profits achieved annually. The production and selling rate of the steel ring will go down drastically because the plastic rings and the industry will find it difficult to operate in its full capacity and 15100 finished rings would be left on hand by the mid year. Action Plan & Alternative Courses of Action Plans and Their Associated Consequences I critically think Industrial Grinders’ alternative courses of action and their associated consequences should initiate from the management and employees efforts. They should be ready to find quick and workable solutions to their problems to become effective in their line of business (Industrial Grinders & Machining, 2012). Firstly, I.G’s initial action plan is advertising their steel rings effectively to the consumer by stating the significance and advantages of it. It should use the media and any othe r accessible means to reach out to clients and promote their merchandise effectively. Industrial Grinders’ management should not hesitate to release funds for the advertisement purpose and the department concerned should initiate the action plan. The associated consequence for this plan is that Industrial Grinders Company will be known and recognized by potential clients. These

Aviation Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Aviation Business - Assignment Example Let us estimate the business cost for this charter company to run Cessna 172 twice a month as mentioned earlier is as follows: Total business cost includes fixed cost, running costs or operational costs and landing and overnight tie down costs. Cost of running the aircraft: Fuel required for running this charter flight is its main component: $ 1500 per one hour 2 Total flying hours in a month: For southern side: (2+3) x 2 = 10 hours For northern side : (2+2+2) x 2 = 12 hours Total flying hours = 10 + 12 = 22 hours Additional flying hours to be considered / month = 10 hours Total flying hours = 12 + 22 + 10 = 44 hours Therefore the total cost accounts to $66000 / month. The total cost per one year = $792000 (Fig 1) Lease costs for aircraft : Aircraft was purchased with 25 % residual cost of flight ($259,500) for 5 years: $64750 Lease cost for one year = $12950 Lease cost for one month = $ 1079 Fixed costs (This is the daily cost of running a business ie. Rent, ------------------------------------------------------------------- 2: Jagson Airlines. 2009. Charter services. Charter rules, terms and conditions. Rates : flying hours. http://www.jagsonairline.com/charter_services.htm. employee wages: It includes the charges for the pilot : Chief pilot is the only one person employed here. His salary component (including the benefit of super annuation) is $60,000 (Fig 2). For additional assisting staff (including the benefit of super annuation) : $25,000 Costs incurred on equipment, insurance, Air operators certificate, test approvals, Pilots annual checks and renewals = $ 10,000. Lease for the office building : $60,000 (Fig 3) Landing and overnight tie down charges for the airfield per year : $24,000 (Fig 4) Detailed description of... The charter aircraft will fly from Groote Eylandt (NT) to southern side in one fortnight and will return to Groote Eylandt (NT) and again from the same place it flies to northern side. Therefore in a month, it has to travel once in southern direction i.e. from Groote Eylandt to: Each time, it has to carry two medical staff and 40 kg medical accessories. All the basic principles of aviation including weather preparedness have to be kept in mind while planning the route plan (Parma, 1999). The net profit calculated by the company is $ 705650 which has been added to all the costs of running aircraft and accordingly annual tender amount of $ 1689600 per year and $140800 per month has been finalized. For successful flying with out any legal complications and for ensuring security norms of the respective nation, Cessna aircraft has to follow the aviation rules and regulations very strictly (Bruckert and Roud, 2007). The federal aviation regulations have to be followed very strictly while carrying out the aviation. The congestion management of aircrafts is essential along with the implementation of emission standards of aircrafts according to the federal regulations3.

Climate Change Effects On Water Resources Environmental Sciences Essay

Climate Change Effects On Water Resources Environmental Sciences Essay The last two decades climate change is increasing due to the change of human activity such as cars, planes, factorys and other sources we use that adds greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Because of these human causes the earth is heating up. One effect that climate change has is the effect the change will have upon human water freshwater resources. I believe that climate change will have an effect on human water resources because of the close connections with the hydrological cycle, the raising temperature will increase in floods and droughts that will lead to the demand on more freshwater resources. Climate change has close connections with the hydrological cycle. The hydrological cycle is located in the earths hydrosphere this is the area in around earth which holds all the water. The water is moved around the earths hydrosphere in a cycle. The hydrological cycle is moved in five different steps evaporation, precipitation, condensation, runoff, collection and infiltration. The as you can see in Figure 1 the hydrologival cycle all starts of with evaporation this is the change of liquid water to water vapour. The next step is condensation this is the process of changing water vapour, from a liquid and then to form clouds as you can see from the clouds in figure 1. This process can be notice for example when you look out for dew on the ground in the morning. As the clouds you see in the sky move around earth spreading the water vapour from place to place. The clouds become over loaded with moisture so they have to release the overloaded moisture. They release the moisture by a pr ocess called by precipitation which is usually rain, hail or snow. Infiltration occurs they when all the precipitations lay on the ground. If there is to much precipitation on the ground this becomes runoff. Runoff stays on the earth ground and runs into streams, rivers, lakes and oceans. So when the precipitation run into the these streams, rivers, lakes and oceans this process is called collection. As infiltration, runoff and collection are being processed, the sun is causing a the cycle to return back to the begaining of the cycle to the process called evaporation.Sunlight heats up the liquid in streams, rivers, lakes and oceans. The warm air rises upwards into the atmosphere and becomes the vapour involved in condensation. Without this process life on earth would be impossible. Freshwater that we use in or day to day lifes usually comes from Aquifer, Streams, Rivers, Lakes. Aquifer are constructed when rocks of the upper part of the earths crust contain holes or pores. Theses holes are big or joined together so that water can flow through them easily. This is a part of rock that is easy for water to pass through known as permeable. Streams usually get most of its water from runoff, rain and melting snow. A stream is formed when the rain and melting snow met at the same place and get into a line of channel. Streams usely flows into lakes, rivers, aquifer and seas. Rivers are a natural stream of freshwater resource. Water within the river is generally collected from precipitation through surface runoff, groundwater recharge, springs and the release of stored water in ice and melting glaciers. Lakes are usually filled with deep freshwater or salt water. Lakes are inland usly on mountains areas and are not part of the Ocean. They are filled by rivers or streams that connect to them. Some Lakes can be man made and are constructed for industrial or agricultur al use and even for hydro- electric power or domestic water supply. Water is one of the most importent inputs the human body needs for us humans to cope with everyday life . We need it for so many things e.g. health, growing food, irrigation, industry. Despite the importance of Freshwater Resources decreasing, we are beginning to take the freshwater resources for granted. Most of the freshwater we use is wasted and polluted. Because the hydrological cycle temperature is rising it will lead to a change in the horological cycle, This will have an impact on the weather. The dry seasons will become alot more dryer and the wet seasons will become alot more wetter. Leaving us with more floods and droughts. This change will therefore will impart the availability and quality of water. Some of the countries on this earth already have a hard enouch time getting water because of increaseing industrial pollution and population growth. Climate change just adds to the problem to the quality of water, which in some parts of the world the reduce rainfall and rising temperatures decrease the freshwater. By the year 2025 most of humans living in countries with poor water quality levels will increase from approximately 34 percent (in 1995) to 63 percent.R K Pachauri (2005) The change in accessing water stressed areas will have a potential conflict. As there will be a pressured demand on freshwater because of household, agricultural and industrial uses. These conflicts will occur in water stressed areas fighting against areas of natural springs and rivers as well as this it will lead to conflict on boundary areas for example the region of Northern Kenya and the Samburu is having to cope with the changing patterns of rainfall and dry periods which with other pressures on the natural resources are leading to increasing conflict among tribal groups over access to scarce water.Smith (2006) 2 Discussion Most of the earth has 70% of ocean. While just 30% of the earth is land. Around 84% of the worlds population is living on dry land. Humans are trying to fix this by reconstruction the hydrological cycle system by building dams and creating waste water treatment plants etc. These elements will provide water for agriculture, household, Industrial, environmental and other uses. But these changes will also lead to some defects in years to come. India is one of the most effected by climate change. The snow ice caps of the Himalayas is experienceing less snow because of snow melt. The glaciers is melting and there is signs of increase flooding. The increasing rising temperatures is starting to dry up the rivers. The Himalayas holds the largest amount ice on the earth. Researchers have figure out that there is a strong combination between snow and the temperature. In recent years the Himalayas have experienced warm periods in the years between 1960- 1990, causing a reduction in snow fall. Glaciers has been watched by researchers in the the past years. The United Nations climate report predicts by 2035 some Himalayan glaciers will disappear with the rising temperatures. Because of the glaciers melting the melting ice will run off into rivers such as the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers and some tributaries coming from the Himalayan ice field. This will cause flooding to riverside cites e.g. Varanasi, Kanpur and Patna. These citys have a population of millions and have already experience floods during high monsoon season and it will be ongoing. Flooding will also cause interruption for the farming areas in northern parts of India and cause damage to the roads and rail way line. The dams such as the dams in Kosi ans Sutlej could over flow causing more destruction to cornfields and settlements. When the point of no ice is reached by 2035 the ice melting will have either stopped because of a solution to climate change or be dried up because of the continued temperature rising. If the ice does start to minimise the river will become weaker and dryer during the monsoon mouths and summer. As the earths temperatures rises from about 14 degrees C based in 2000 to a estimated 19 degrees C in 2100 the following effects will be cause by the increase; Agricultural, Household, Industrial, Environmental and health sea levels will rise to an estimated 3.9 in to estimated 35 by 2100. Some parts of the coastal cites around India e.g. Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and other parts of the world will be underwater. Even most of the island around India will be covered in water. The island of Lohachara is the first island in the world to be covered in water due to climate change. The island is located on the southern edge of the Ganges delta in the bay of Bengal. Its 10,000 residents became the first refugees created because of climate change. There is a group of 27 island called Lakhadweep around the Arabian sea off the coast of south Indian state Kraal. They have a population of about 61,000 people living on them. The low lying islands are in huge danger of being covered in water as well. India is one of the world biggest countrys that effects the greenhouse effect. With the increased temperatures they will create a increase in precipitation. Rising the process of evaporation resulting from warmer sea temperatures in the Indian ocean and Arabian Sea will increase that destroy process around the west Indian Rajasthan Desert As well as the water resources being shorten because of climate change there is also another problem and that is that usually boundary countries sometime share the same water resource. There is some indentation that there has been conflict over freshwater shared by two or more countries. Freshwater is very important to all the worlds Humans activity, including the Agricultural, Household, Industrial and Environmental. But bad management and the impact of climate change can lead to tensions between different countries. For some years the counties such as India and Bangladesh have encountered conflict on river resources. It all started In 1993 when India and Bangladesh came under pressure when the Ganges River started to reach its record lows. Because the water level was low it affected Bangladesh agricultural and killed most of its crops. In October 1995, The Prime Minister of Bangladesh addressed the United Nations(UN) .The prime minister called India ¿Ã‚ ½s share of river water resources  ¿Ã‚ ½a gross violation of human rights and justice. ¿Ã‚ ½ India ¿Ã‚ ½s establishment of the Farrakka Barrage which is a barrage built near the border of Bangladesh. The barrage was build was to separate water for the Calcutta port. But Bangladesh says that because of this separation it has resulted in falling water tables and greater water resources for Bangladesh. India has a different view of the issue. Indian leaders says that Bangladesh was wrong in describing this issue. Bangladesh has asked India for a  ¿Ã‚ ½minimum guarantee ¿Ã‚ ½ agreement which will give Bangladesh a minimum flow of water. In 1996 India and Bangladesh agreed in the agreement then the  ¿Ã‚ ½Treaty on the Sharing of the Waters of the Gang ¿Ã‚ ½ was signed. Some political leader were unhappy about the agreement. But it was accepted my most political leaders. Since the treaty Bangladesh continues to have a number of problems. Some of the agreements that was agreed in the treaty have not been met. How are we going to fix this problem is the question we need to ask ourselfs I can see from my research that some efforts are being made to improve management in freshwater resources. Different organiseions have been developed to help the mather of climate change for example, the United Nation(UN) have organised the first water conference to take place in 1977 and developed an action plan to take action on the improved management and development of water resources and the UN designated 2003 as the international year of freshwater resources. The mission of the organision is to increase awareness of the importance of freshwater use, management and protection, provide an opportunity to change the implementation of the principles of integrated water resources management, use the year as a platform for promoting existing activity and spearheading new initiatives in water resources at the international, regional and national levels, and Launch the world water development report at the thir d world water forum in Kyoto. The World Summit on Sustainable Development(WSSD) 2002 has emphasised on the development of an integrated water resources management and water efficiency plan.DEVELOPMENT (2003). Global Water Partnership(GWP) Is a network of agencies and intuitions to promote  ¿Ã‚ ½integrated water resource management ¿Ã‚ ½ in developing countries. It facilitates the exchange of knowledge, experience and practise related to water resources management.Partnerships (2010). World Water Council(WWC) is an international think-tank for water issues. It objective is to  ¿Ã‚ ½increase advocacy for improved water resources management ¿Ã‚ ½. WWC has been organising the World Water Forum(WWF) bi-annually. The 3rd Forum was held in Japan in march 2003.Council (2010). European Water Association Act as a focal point for the exchange of information related to water and water activities.Association (2010) 3 Conclusion I can conclude that because of climate change and the hydrological cycle it is having a slight long term effect on human water resources. I can see that it has close connections with the hydrological cycle. Because of this it will increases flooding, create dry lands and encounter conflict within countries. More acceleration to the hydrological cycle may result in more severe weather and extreme conditions.Anne E. Egger (2003) If we dont address this issue there will be further more problems in the future and lead to even more droughts and flooding. According to the Comprehensive Assessment Of Water Manage in Agriculture, one in three people are already facing water shortages(2007). Almost one-fifth of the world ¿Ã‚ ½s population, live in areas of physical scarcity. Climate change has a close connection between hydrological cycle. Rising temperatures will increase the changing liquid to vapour and lead to the increases in rainfall and snowfall. Because of this the overall supply of freshwater resources will increase, Droughts and floods will happen more frequently and changes in snowfall and snow melt are expected in mountainous areas more frequently. Reading about climate change has made me release that we take our freshwater for granted and dont think about what will happen if we lose the freshwater. Will we have to introduce water charges maintain better water systems.

Risk Management Essay -- Investment Business Risk

What is risk? "Simply put, risk is uncertainty. The more risk you take, the more you stand to lose or gain. You cannot expect high returns without taking substantial risks." Tossing a dice, is at basic level a risky endeavor. The outcomes are thrown open to uncertainty. You take risk everytime you act, from crossing the street; to buying a stock. Generally when people talk about risk, they focus on financial risk. In terms of finance, it is the risk that a company or individual could lose some or all of the original investment, possibly resulting in inadequate cash flow to meet financial obligations. The concept of risk is not a simple concept in finance. You cannot make wise investments without first considering risk. To be successful, every investor must be able to identify and understand the types of risk they face across their entire portfolio. Measuring risk is just as important as measuring returns. In the financial world, risk is often expressed as volatility of returns. Volatility measures how variable outcomes are likely to be. Standard deviation is a general statistical measure of volatility. It measures historical variability of returns from their mean. A higher standard deviation implies more variable and uncertain returns. Measuring risk on a portfolio basis shows how well diversified your investments are, where the largest gains and losses are likely to be conc... ...my is in recession, and on what grounds? What actually constitutes a recession, anyway? When a nation's economy enters a recession, is life guaranteed to get harder for most of its citizens?" (http://www.howstuffworks.com/recession.htm) How do you know when you're taking too much risk? Or not enough? Risk is a natural part of this world, and indeed, risk can present great opportunities for those who understand and know how to manage it. Advances in risk management theory have had a tremendous impact on global economic development. Now we have powerful ways to analyze risks and make stable decisions about the future. We can identify and measure different types of risk, and decide which ones to take and which ones to avoid.